Volume: 43 Issue: 1
Evaluation of essential oil yield and chemical compositions of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) cultivars under southern tropical regions of India
Year: 2021, Page: 49-57, Doi: https://doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v43i1.ND
Received: Feb. 7, 2021 Accepted: April 18, 2021 Published: July 1, 2021
A field study was conducted at CSIR-CIMAP, Research Centre, Bengaluru, during 2018-2019 to evaluate the performance and chemical compositions of six citronella cultivars (Medini, Jalpallavi, Bio-13, C-Line, CIM-Jeeva and Manjusha) under southern climatic regions of Karnataka, India. Results revealed that significant differences in growth, yield and chemical compositions among the cultivars studied. The plant height varies from 123.33-139 cm and number of tillers ranged from 37.56-45.67 cm. Significantly higher herb yield was recorded in CIM-Jeeva (217 kg/100m2) >Bio-13 (207 kg/100m2)>C-line (192.33 kg/100m2). The essential oil recovery varied from 1.13-1.23% (v/w) and essential oil yield varies from 1.93- 2.69L/100 m2, respectively in different cultivars studied. Overall, twenty four constituents, comprising 92.05–98.07% of the total oil compositions, were identified using GC-FID.The varieties arranged according to the citronellal content as follows, CIM-Jeeva (44.60 ± 1.27%) >Jalpallavi (41.35 ± 0.92%) > Manjusha (39.15 ± 1.63%) > Bio-13 (37.65 ± 4.45%) > Medini (21.80 ± 3.11%) > C-line (8.10 ± 2.56%). C-line was found to be geraniol rich (59.35 ± 1.06%) among the citronella cultivars studied. Overall, cultivar CIM-Jeeva and Bio13 were superior as compared to other cultivars in essential oil yield and market acceptable citronellal content.Hence, it can be concluded that CIM-Jeeva and Bio-13 are the ideal cultivars for commercial cultivation under South Indian climatic conditions.
Keywords: Citronella, Citronellal, Cultivars, Cymbopogon winterianus, Essential oils, Growth and Yield, Quality parameters
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