Volume: 39 Issue: 1
In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bidens biternata(Lour.) Merr. & Sheriff – a Wild Medicinal Plant of Waynadu District of Kerala
Year: 2017, Page: 18-23, Doi: https://doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v39i1.Pradeesh
Received: July 14, 2016 Accepted: Nov. 30, 2016 Published: July 1, 2017
Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sheriff, of the family Asteraceae, is an erect annual herb, commonly found in cultivated areas in Western Ghats regions of Kerala state. It is used as a leafy vegetable by Paniya, Chetti, Kani and Kattunaayika tribes of Waynadu Districts in Kerala and also to cure hepatitis, inflammation, cold, cough, dysentery, asthma etc. In the present study, crude methanol extract and isolated bioactive compound of B. biternata leaves was analyzed for its in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitory assays. In COX-2 inhibitory assay of crude methanolic leaf extract, the percentage of inhibition was found to be 36.71%, 63.92% and 87.35% for sample concentration 100 μgml-1, 500 μgml-1 and 1000 μgml-1 respectively. In the 5-LOX percentage of inhibition was found to be 35.64%, 61.76% and 85.95%.Column chromatography and Thin Layer Chromatography were used for separation of compounds followed by UV, IR, mass and NMR spectroscopic analysis for the characterization of phytochemical from methanolic leaf extract of B.biternata. The compound isolated from methanolic leaf extract of B. biternata, which is identified as, quercetin showed higher inhibitory effects in both COX (40.36%,72.61% and 90.73%) and LOX (39.25%, 70.14% and 89.68%) than crude extract. COX-2 inhibition assay of isolated compound quercetin showed high activity than 5-LOX assay. The results revealed that the isolated compound quercetin (3, 3’, 4’, 5, 7-pentahydroxy flavones) of B. biternata possessed high anti-inflammatory activity, so could be used as an effective therapeutic agent against inflammatory disorders.
Keywords: 5-LOX, Anti-inflammatory activity, Bidens biternata, COX-2, Western Ghats
Albert D, Zundorf I, Dingermann T, Muller WE,Steinhilber D, Werz O.2002. Hyperforin is a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 and 5-lipoxygenase. BiochemPharmacol 64: 1767–1775.
Awadh Ali NA, Juelich WD, Kusnick C, Lindequist U. 2001. Screening of Yemeni medicinal plants for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. J Ethnopharm 74:173–179.
Brock TG, Anderson JA, Fries FP, Peters-Golden M,Sporn PH. 1999. Decreased leukotriene C4 synthesis accompanies adherence-dependent nuclear import of 5-lipoxygenase in human blood eosinophils. J Immunol 162:1669–1676.
Claria J. 2003. Cyclooxygenase-2 biology.Curr Pharmaceu Des 9: 2177-90.
Copeland RA, Williams JM, Giannaras J, Dormandy JA. 1994. Causes of various ulceration, a new hypothesis. Brit Med 91: 296.
Funk CD. 2001. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes: advances in eicosanoid biology. Sci 294: 1871-1875.
Guvenalp Z,Omur DL. 2005. Flavonol glycosides from Asperula arvensis L. Truck J Chem 29: 163-169.
Hawkey CJ. 1999. COX-2 inhibitors. The Lancet 353: 307-314.
Kim HP, Mani I, Ziboh VA. 1998. Effects of naturally occurring f lavonoids and biflavonoids on epidermal cyclooxygenase from guinea pigs. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 58: 17-24.
McGettigan P, Henry D. 2006. Cardiovascular risk and inhibition of cyclooxygenase: a systematic review of the observational studies of selective and nonselective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2. JAMA 1633-1644.
Mohan H. 2010. Text book of pathology; Jaypee brother’s medicinal publishers (P) Ltd. Sixth edition 32: 130-135.
Nair R, Kalariya T, Chanda S. 2005. Antibacterial activity of some selected Indian medicinal flora. Turk J Biol 29: 41–47.
Paiva AAO, Castro AJG, Nascimento MS, Will LSEP, Santos NE, Araujo RM, Xavier CAC, Rocha FA, Leite EL. 2011. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of polysaccharides from Lobophora variegate on zymosaninduced arthritis in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 11: 1241-1250.
Parekh J, Chanda S. 2006. In-vitro antimicrobial activities of extracts of LaunaeaprocumbensRoxb. (Labiateae), Vitisvinifera L. (Vitaceae) and Cyperesrotundus L. (Cyperaceae). Afr J Biomed Res 9: 89–93.
Pradeesh S, Archana G Nair, Mini I, Swapna TS. 2012. Bidensbiternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sheriff -a potential plant to solve the nutritional deficiency problems. J Phytol Res 25: 295-299.
Pradeesh S, Archana G Nair, Mini I, Swapna TS. 2012. Phytochemical investigation of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sheriff –a nutrient rich leafy vegetable from Western Ghats of India. J Appl Biochem Biotechnol 965: 2-5.
Pradeesh S, Archana G Nair, Mini I, Swapna TS. 2013. Antioxidant potential of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sheriff. J Med Arom Pl Sci 35: 128-135.
Pradeesh S, Archana G Nair, Mini I,Swapna TS. 2014. Free radical scavenging activity of leaves of Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sheriff. IJPRD 6: 127-135. ISSN.0974 – 9446.
Rainsford KD. 2007. Anti-inflammatory drugs in the 21st century. Subcell Biochem 42: 3-27.
Reddanna P, Whelan J, Maddipati KR, Reddy CC. 1990. Purification of arachidonate, 5-lipoxygenase from potato tubers. Meth Enzymol 187: 268-277.
Rice-evans CA,Miller NJ. 1998. Structure -antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and isoflavonoids. In: Rice-Evans C A and Packer L, editors. Flavonoids in health and disease. New York, Marcel Dekker. 199-238.
Sharada LD, Kumudini N, Bhushan AB,Somshekhar SK. 2013. Isolation and quantitative estimation of quercetin in Lagenaria siceraria fruit. J Chrom Sep Tech 4: 1-4. ISSN: 2157-71-064.
Smith WL. 1989. The eicosanoids and their biochemical mechanisms of action. Biochem 259: 315-324.
Tong-un, Muchimapura TS, Phachonpai W, Wattanathorn J. 2010. Effects of quercetin encapsulated liposomes via nasal administration: a novel cognitive enhancer. Amer J Appl Sci 7: 906-913.
Ulusu NN, Ercil D, Sakar MK, Tezcan EF. 2002. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity. Phytother Res 16: 88-90.
© Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow (India)
S Pradeesh, TS Swapna. 2017. In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bidens biternata(Lour.) Merr. & Sheriff – a Wild Medicinal Plant of Waynadu District of Kerala. J Med Aromat Plant Sci 39: 18-23.
