Volume: 35 Issue: 4
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of roots and leaves of Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites (Psychotria curviflora Wall.)
Year: 2013, Page: 159-167, Doi: https://doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v35i4.Gopal
Received: Aug. 30, 2013 Accepted: Dec. 25, 2013 Published: Dec. 31, 2013
Chassalia curviflora (Psychotria curviflora (Wall; Family Rubiaceae) is frequency used in folklore medicines to treat a number of clinical disorders. In this study the ethanolic extract of leaves and roots of this plant was screened for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic and in vitro anti lipidperoxidative activites. Both leaf and root extracts at 50,100 and 200 mg/kg doses reduced significantly the formation of oedema induced by carrageenan. The results were comparable to that of indomethacin, the reference drug used in the study. In the acetic acid induced writhing, the extracts showed significant analgesic activity characterized by reduction in the number of writhes when compared to the control. The extracts also inhibited MDA production in FeCl2–AA treated rat liver in vitro, exhibiting, thereby, a significant anti-lipid peroxidative efficacy. Acute toxicity study data suggested a nontoxic nature of the extracts within the range of doses tested.
Keywords: Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Chassalia curviflora, Indomethacin, Psychotria curviflora
Ahmed F, Hossain MH, Rahman AA and Shahid IZ. 2006. Antinociceptive and sedative effects of the bark of Cerberaodollam Gaertn. Or iental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 6: 344-348.
Anonymous.1986. The useful plants of India, Publications and Information Directorate, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, p119.
Anonymous. 1988.The Wealth of India Vol II C-A dictionary of Indian Raw Materials and Industrial products , Publications and Information Directorate, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, p126.
Anuja GI, Latha PG, Suja SR, Shyamal S, Shine VJ, Sini S, Pradeep S, Shikha P, Rajasekharan S. 2010. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Smith. J Ethanopharmacol 132: 456-460.
Atiqur Rahman M, Uddin SB, Wilcock CC.2007. Medicinal plants used by Chakma tribe in Hill Tracts district of Bangladesh. Indian J Trad Know 6: 508-517.
Bohlin, L. 1995. Structure-activity studies of natural products with anti- inflammatory effects, In: Phytochemistry of Plants used in Traditional Medicine (Ed: Hostettmann, K), Clarendon, Oxford, UK, p137-161.
Bonta IL, Parnham MJ, Vincent JE, Bragt PC. 1980. Anti- rheumatic drugs: present deadlock and new vistas, In: Progress in Medicinal Chemistry (Ed. G P Ellias and G P West) , Elsevier, North Holland, New York, p185-273.
Bose A, Saravanan VS, Karunanidhi N, Gupta JK. 2004. Analgesic and locomotor activity of Cleome rutidosperma DC. Indian J Pharm Sci 6: 795-797.
Chopra RN, Nayar SL, Chopra IC. 1956. Glosary of Indian Medicinal Plants, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, P 60.
Collier HOJ, Dinneen LC, Johnson CA, Schneide C. 1968. Abdominal constriction response and its suppression by analgesic drugs in mouse. British J Pharmacology 32: 265–268.
Desai ID, Saw ant PL, Tappet ALT. 1964. Peroxidative and radiation damage to isolated lysosomes, Biomed Biophys Acta 86: 277-285.
Di Rosa M, Willoughby DA. 1971. Screens for anti- inflammatory drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol 23: 297-298.
Di Rosa M, Papadimitriou JH, Willoughby DA. 1971. A histopathological and pharmacological analysis of the mode of action of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Path 105: 239-256.
Diogo D. Porto, Amelia T, Henriques, Arthur G. Fett-Neto. 2009. Bioactive alkaloids from South American Psychotria and related species. The Open Bioactive Compounds J 2: 29-36.
Dotan Y, Lichtenberg D, Pinchunk I. 2004. Lipid peroxidation cannot be used as a universal criterion of oxidative stress. Prog Lipid Res 43: 200-227.
Duarte IDG, Nakamura M, Ferreira SH. 1988. Participation of the sympathetic system in acetic acid-induced w rithing in mice. Braz J Medi and Biol Res 21: 341–343.
Emmanuel S, Akinboye, Oladapo Bakare. 2011. Biological Activities of emetine. The Open Nat Prod J 4: 8-15.
Ferdous M, Rouf R, Shilpi JA, Uddin SJ. 2008. Antinociceptive activity of the ethanolic extract of Ficus racemosa Linn. (Moraceae). Ori Pharm Exp Med 8: 93-96.
Gideon MP, Zareena P and George KO.2003. Biochemical Pharmacology of Antiinflammatory Plant Secondary Metabolites. Recent Progress in Medicinal Plants, Vol. 8-Phytochemistry and Pharmacology II, Studium Press, LLC, USA, p1-22.
Glinski JA, David E, Warren TC, Hansen G, Leonard SF, Pitner P, Pav S , Arvigo R, Balick, MJ, Panti E, Grob, PM.1995. Inactivation of cell surface receptors by pheophorbide a, agreen pigment isolated from Psychotria acuminate. Photochem Photobiol 62: 144-150.
Goevarts R, Ruhsam M, Anderson L, Robbrecht E, Bridson D, Davis A, Schanzer I, Sonke. 2012. World checklist of Rubiaceae. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK.
Gruber C.W, Elliott AG, Ireland DC, Delprete PG, Dessein S, Goransson U, Trabi M, Wang CK, Kinghorn B, Robbrecht E, Craik DJ. 2008. Distribution and evolution of circular miniproteins in flowering plants. Plant Cell 20: 2471-2483.
Halliwell B. 1990. How to characterize a biological antioxidant. Free Radic Res Commun 9: 1-32.
Hasan SMR, Hossain MM, Akter R, Jamila M, Mazumder MEH, Alam M A. 2010. Analgesic activity of the different fractions of the aerial parts of Commelina benghalensis Linn. International J Pharmacol 6: 63-67.
Hayashi T, Smith FT, Lee KH. 1987. Antitumor agents. 89. Psychorubrin, a new cytotoxic naphtoquinone from Psychotria rubra and its structure-activity relationships. J Med Che 30: 2005-2008.
Javan M, Ahmadiani A, Semnanian S, Kamalinejad M. 1997. Antinociceptive effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves extract. J Ethnopharmacol 58: 125-129.
Johann S, Ewelina AO, Eberhard L, Andreas B and Lothar B. 2012. Alstrostines in Rubiaceae: Alstrostine A from Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides and a novel derivartive, rudgeif oline from Rudgea cornifolia. Phyto letters 5: 586-590.
Kerber VA, Passos CS, Verli H Fett-Neto AG, Quiron JP, Hentiques AT. 2008. Psychollatine, a glucosidic monoterpene indole alkaloid from Psychotria umbellate. J Nat Prod 71: 697–700.
Khan MR, Kihara M, Omoloso A D .2001. Antimicrobial activity of Psychotria microlabastra, Fitoterapia 72: 818-82.
Kuo Y, Chen C, Tsai W, Ho Y. 2001. Regulation of herpes simplex virus type 1 replication in Vero cells by Psychotria serpens: relationship to gene express ion, DNA replication, and protein synthesis, Antiviral Res 51: 95-109.
Locher CP, Burch MT, Mower HF, Berestecky J, Davis H, Van Poel B, Lasure A, Berghe DAV, Vlietinck AJ. 1995. Anti-microbial activity and anti-complement activity of extracts obtained from selected Hawaiian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol 49: 23-32.
Nepkroeff M, Bremer B, Systma KJ. 1999. Reorganization of the genus Psychotria and tribe Psychotrieae (Rubiaceae) inferred from ITS and rbcL sequence data. Syst Bot 24: 5-27.
Ozaki Y.1990. Anti-inflammatory effects of Curcuma xanthorrhizha Roxb and its active principle, Chem Pharm Bull 38: 1045-1048.
Prakash JW, Anpin Raja RD, Asbin AN, Christhudas W, Regini GS, Bensar K, Rajeev R, Kiruba S, Jeeva S, Das SSM.2008.Ethnomedic inal plants used by Kani tribes of Agasthiyamalai biosphere reserve, southern Western Ghats, Indian J Trad Know 7: 410-413.
Shikha P, Latha P G, Suja S R, Anuja G I, Shyamal S, Shine V J, Sini S, Krishnakumar NM, Rajasekharan S. 2010. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Barringtonia racemosa Roxb.fruits, Indian J Nat Prod and Res 1: 356-361.
Shine VJ, Shyamal S, Latha PG, Rajasekharan S. 2007. Gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activities of Decalepisarayalpathra. Pharm Bio 45: 210-216.
Shukla S. 2008. Preliminary Phytochemical and antimicrobial investigation of biomolecules isolated from Caesalpenia bounducella. In Phtochemicals: A Theraputant for Critical Disease management. (Ed. D.R.Khanna), Daya Publishing House. New Delhi, India, pp 57- 69.
Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. 1980. Statistical Methods. State University Press Iow a, USA.
Solis PN, Lang’at C, Gupta MP, Kirby GC,Warhurst DC, Phillipson JD.1995. Bio-active compounds from Psychotria camponutans, Planta Med 61: 62-65.
Soobratteem A, Bahorun T, Thaunoo P. 2005. Characterisation of the phenolic profile of endemic Mauritian Chassalia species and assessment of their antioxidant activities. In: Proceedings of the 7th Meeting of the Agricultural Scientists, (Ed. Laloutte JA, Bheenic k KJ, Nundalallee C). Food and Agricultural Research Council, Reduit, Mauritius.
Suja SR, Latha PG, Pushpangadan P, Rajasekharan S. 2004. Evaluation of hepatoprotective effects of Helminthostachyszeylanica (L.) Hook against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in Wistar rats. J Ethnopharmacol 92: 61-66.
Toma W, Graciosa JS, Hiruma-Lima CA, Andrade FDP, Vilegas W, Souza Brita. 2003. Evaluation of the analgesic and antiedematogenic activities of Quassia amara bark extract. J Ethnopharmacol 85: 19–23.
Vinegar R, Schieviber W, Hugo RJ. 1969. Biphasic development of Carrageenan oedema in rats, J Pharmacol Exp Ther 166: 96.
Vogel HG, Vogel WH. 1997. Psychotropic and neurotropic activity, In: Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays, (Eds.Vogel H G and Vogel W H), Springer- Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp 204-216.
Wang Y, Zhou J. 1999. Chemical constituents of curved flower chasalis bark (Chassali a curviflora). Zhongcaoyao 30: 644-645.
Witherup KM, Bogusky MJ, Anderson PS, Ramjit H, Ransom RW, Wood T, Sardana M.1994. Cyclopsy chotride A, a biologically active, 31-residue cyclic peptide isolated from Psychotria longipes. J Nat Prod 57: 1619-25.
© Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow (India)
G Rajeswari Gopal, GI Anuja, PG Latha, D Muraleedharan, GM Nair. 2013. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of roots and leaves of Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites (Psychotria curviflora Wall.). J Med Aromat Plant Sci 35: 159-167.
